RHCE RHCT Linux Certification Exam Guide, sample questions,preparation,Tips and Tricks

Redhat Cert site updated with fresh look

2007-12-24T18:46:00.000-08:00

Dear Readers,

Redhat cert site has been updated with new mint look and easier accessibility. Now you can search all posting using search on left side. Like if you are looking for RHCE and RHCT exam questions, just type keyword RHCE exam questions and all related posting will be displayed in results.

Enjoy !

RHCE fast Track Course with RHEL5 and RHCE Exam:

2007-12-14T15:20:00.001-08:00

Redhat has updated RHCE exam and replaced study and course material from RHEL4 with RHEL5. Redhat RH300 rapid course covers study material for RHCT and RHCE exam plus hands on exam on the 5^th day.RH300 course is designed for experience UNIX and Linux administrators who needs training and want to appear for exam using RHEL5. If you are experienced Linux administrator you can take pre-asessment questionnaires provided by redhat to determine if you are ready to take RHCE exam. Now vmware offers free virtualization to run on windows called vmware server which allows you to run Linux as virtual os on your windows XP to help you preparing for RHCE/RHCT exam. There are some issues with running vmware on windows vista Check this out before installing vmware server on your pc running windows vista.

Once you have vmware server (available free from vmware) installed you can install Fedora or RHEL5 (redhat enterprise 5 ) :

RH033 exam pre-assessment for RHCT

RH133 exam pre-assessment for RHCT

RH253 exam pre-assessment for RHCE

If you pass all these pre-assessment then you can directly go for RHCE exam, if you are doing good only for RH033 and RH133 then you should go for RHCT or need more preparation. For tips and tricks and some easy scoring keeping visiting redhat certification help site.

How to access virtual console in RHEL4/RHEL5?

2007-12-09T19:54:00.001-08:00

RHCE RHCT Exam questions – How to access virtual console in RHEL4/RHEL 5 ?

Five virtual are provided during installation process in Redhat enterprise Linux servers. Virtual console can't be accessed using ALT-function ket

Combinations:

ALT-F1 : to access installer in text mode (RHEL4/RHEL5)

ALT-F2: to access bash shell (RHEL4/RHEL5)

ALT-F3 to view log of installer messages (RHEL4/RHEL5)

ALT-F4: to view log of kernel messages (RHEL4/RHEL5)

ALT-F5 stdout of mke2fs and grub command (RHEL4/RHEL5)

ALT-F7 : access installer in Graphical mode. (RHEL4/RHEL5)

RHCE RHCT Exam questions:Howto configure the network card in redhat enterprise Linux

2007-11-28T15:09:00.000-08:00

RHCE RHCT Exam questions:Howto configure the network card in redhat enterprise 5 Linux :

Question. I’ve installed Red Hat enterprise Linux 5 and now added one more LAN card (NIC). How do I configure the network card from the command line? I can see 2nd my network card detected while booting the IBM server.
Answer . Red hat Linux provides following tools to make changes to Network configuration such as add new card, assign IP address, change DNS server etc.

(a) GUI tool (X Windows required) - system-config-network
(b) Command line text based GUI tool (No X Windows required) - system-config-network
(c)Edit configuration files stored in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory

GUI can be launched using system-config-network

RHCE RHCT Exam questions : How to load USB driver in Linux

2007-11-26T13:17:00.001-08:00

Question: RHCE RHCT Exam questions : How to load USB driver in Linux ?
Answer : in Redhat Enterprise Linux servers (RHEL3/RHEL4/RHEL5) usb drivers can be loaded on fly using modprobe command :

$modprobe usb-uhci

$modprobe usb-ohci

similarly modules can be removed or unloaded using "modprobe -r"

also insmod can be used to add module

RHCE RHCT Exam questions :

2007-11-26T13:10:00.000-08:00

RHCE RHCT Exam questions

Question: How would you list loaded modules in Redhat Enterprise 3/4 Linux ?
Answer : lsmod

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification Exam: How to check memory usage

2007-11-22T12:39:00.001-08:00

while Preparing for RHCE and RHCT exam certification one should know how to check memory utilization in redhat enterprise Linux. one useful command is free , you can get memory usage in megabytes and gigabytes :

[root@ldev ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 992 975 16 0 137 628
-/+ buffers/cache: 210 781
Swap: 2047 0 2047

RHCE RHCT Linux Exam Enable vsftpd on RHEL4

2006-08-16T20:31:00.000-07:00

Enable VSFTP on Redhat Enterprise Linux 4 update 3

To lock users in home dir:

Touch vsftpd.chroot_list ; to create file of users that are allowed to ftp outside their home dirs add root to this file

Cd /etc/vsftpd

vi vsftpd.conf

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().

chroot_list_enable=YES

chroot_local_user=YES

# (default follows)

chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list ; add root to this file

service vsftpd restart

To lock users in home dir:

Touch vsftpd.chroot_list ; to create file of users that are allowed to ftp outside their home dirs add root to this file

RHCT RHCE Exam :RHEL4 NFS issues

2006-07-05T18:13:00.000-07:00

RHCT RHCE Exam :RHEL4 NFS issues :

Many times you have NFS exported directories mounted on Linux server get hanged. Possible sided affects just find out on my test Redhat Linux server running RHEL4 AS update 3 df start hanging. Pretty annonying . Trouble part is how to get rid off hanging df issues and find outr why it's happening.

NFS mounts are hanging simply because Server exporting NFS mount is offline or not on network. Again let's say you have 50 0r more mount point mounted on your NFS Linux client machine. You have to compare nfs mount showing in df comand output and nfs mount listed in /etc/fstab. once you find out what NFS mount is hanging you can simply go in /etc/rmtab file and remove that mount point.... and guess what you just resolved hanging nfs mount issue .

RHCE RHCT Exam Question: How to stop/start network interface

2006-05-13T11:31:00.000-07:00

RHCE RHCT Exam Question: How to stop/start network ethernet interface:

[root@ice ~]# ifdown eth0

[root@ice ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2A:47:7F
inet addr:192.168.0.103 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1899 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:833 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:923925 (902.2 KiB) TX bytes:283867 (277.2 KiB)
Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1400

[root@ice ~]# ifup eth0

Determining IP information for eth0... done.
[root@ice ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2A:47:7F
inet addr:192.168.0.103 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2a:477f/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1900 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:838 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:924267 (902.6 KiB) TX bytes:284517 (277.8 KiB)
Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1400

RHCE RHCT Exam:Create and Mount filesystem in redhat enterprise Linux

2006-05-13T10:58:00.000-07:00

RHCE RHCT Exam:Create and Mount filesystem in redhat enterprise Linux:

Redhat Enterprise 4 Linux you can use fdisk -l to list existing partitions on your system as a part of your Lab in RH133 Course :

[root@ice ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1580 2610 8281507+ 5 Extended

Here we have unallocated extended partition . Remember you can have only 3 Primary partitions for a single disk in Redhat in our case we have SCSI disk /dev/sda where we have 3 primary partitions,with remaining unlloacted space you need to create Extended partition if you need to create more than 3 partitions .

#fdisk /dev/sda

ON COMMAND TYPE n to create new partition , hit enter for start cylinder number and then on last cyliner i used +1024M you can use +1G as well , because i am going to create 1 GB filesystem :

Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (1580-2610, default 1580):
Using default value 1580
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1580-2610, default 2610): +1024M
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.

Here is a catch that would be really stupid idea to reboot your Redhat enterprise Linux server to activate your partition table changes. I am sure Redhat will remove this warning in their upcoming redhat enterprise level 5 Linux version.Also you can save time in your RHCT/RHCE Certification Exam using partprobe. Note this how i am activating new partition table changes using PARTPROBE magic command.

[root@ice ~]# partprobe

[root@ice ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1580 2610 8281507+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 1580 1704 1004031 83 Linux

Now I have to create a directory where i need to mount new +1 GB fileystem i am going to make ext3 filesystem .

#mkdir /home

[root@ice ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda5
[root@ice ~]# mount /dev/sda5 /home
[root@ice ~]# df -h /home
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda5 966M 18M 899M 2% /home

Here is your +1GB home filesystem (type is ext3) ready to use . you can add this in yout /etc/fstab file to make change permanent where it will mount /home automatically and persistent to server reboots.

RHCE RHCT Exam: How to mount USB drive on RHEL4

2006-04-27T18:36:00.000-07:00

RHCE RHCT Exam: How to mount USB drive on Redhat enterprise Linux server (RHEL4) :

Make Sure USB drive is connnected right to your Linux machine/server , i have plugged in USB thumb drive. Before connecting USB drive do a tail -f /var/log/messages , Redhat Linux sees USB drive as a SCSI device so device will be named as "sdxxx" :
[root@ice ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
Apr 27 21:52:30 ice kernel: Attached scsi removable disk sdb at scsi1, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
Apr 27 21:52:30 ice kernel: usbcore: registered new driver usb-storage
Apr 27 21:52:30 ice kernel: sdb: assuming drive cache: write through
Apr 27 21:52:30 ice kernel: sdb: sdb1

#df -h
/dev/sdb1 124M 101M 24M 82% /media/usbdisk

USB is mounted as /dev/sdb1

RHCE and RHCT exam:exporting NFS filesystems in RHEL4

2006-04-25T18:11:00.000-07:00

Exporting NFS filesystem in RHEL4 (Redhat enterprise Linux) servers:

To export directory /home/export you need to add an entry in /etc/exports :

/home/export parmount.ice.com(rw,sync)

make sure there is space between mount options and hostname otherwise you will get permission error on redhat linux client.

RHCE and RHCT exam: max telnet session limit reached in RHEL4

2006-04-25T16:16:00.000-07:00

maximum telnet session limit reached in( RHEL4)Redhat Enterprise Linux :

Quick Fix if you are getting maximum telnet service_limit reached messages in /var/log/secure logs in redhat enterprise Linux servers . Awesome you don't need to reboot your RHEL4 server unlike HP-UX serves :

Getting error : xinetd [4092] :FAIL: telnet service_limit

Just change session limit from 60 for instances to some large number

#
# Simple configuration file for xinetd
#
# Some defaults, and include /etc/xinetd.d/
defaults
{
instances = 400
log_type = SYSLOG authpriv
log_on_success = HOST PID
log_on_failure = HOST
cps = 25 30
}

service telnet2
{
flags = REUSE
socket_type = stream
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
log_on_failure += USERID
disable = no
}

#[root@ice]# service xinetd reload

RHCE RHCT Exam questions : How to check kernel in RHEL4

2006-04-23T16:20:00.000-07:00

RHCE RHCT Exam questions : How to check kernel in RHEL4 ?

[root@ice ~]# file /sbin/init
/sbin/init: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.5, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), stripped

RHCE and RHCT exam: Memory available on RHEL4

2006-04-22T19:08:00.000-07:00

How can you Check availale Memory on RHEL4 (Redhat Enterprise Linux servers) :

[root@ice /]# grep Mem /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 255972 kB
MemFree: 5896 kB

RHCE RHCT EXAM :create disk paritions without reboot in RHEL4

2006-04-22T16:49:00.000-07:00

Create partition on RHEL :Redhat Enterprise Linux without reboot :

[root@ice ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (1580-2610, default 1580):
Using default value 1580
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1580-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1580 2610 8281507+ 5 Extended
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.

Finally type partprobe to make parition change available to Redhat enterprise Linux (RHEL4) without reboot :

[root@ice ~]# partprobe /dev/sda

RHCE and RHCT exam questions

2006-04-22T16:41:00.000-07:00

For RHCT and RHCE exam questions, you should know How to check installed packages :

For example to check whether you have firefox installed you can use rpm utility available on RedHat enterprise Linux :
[root@ice ~]# rpm -qa |grep firefox
firefox-1.0.7-1.4.3

RHCT RHCE Exam:DNS name resolution in RHEL4

2006-04-19T18:37:00.000-07:00

DNS name resolution in RHEL4 :

/etc/resolv.conf file is used for Domain name resolution (DNS name resolution) :
search rhceexam.linux.com
nameserver 192.168.100.1
nameserver 192.168.100.2

RHCT RHCE Exam:Mounting USB drive on RHEL 4

2006-04-19T18:32:00.000-07:00

Mounting USB drive/USB floppy drive on RHEL4

USB drive /device on Redhat Enterprise Linux is recognized as scsi device /dev/sdx (where is x is
number of next available scsi disk... example if you have two scsi disk namely sda and sdb then usb floppy drive will be sdc1

#mount /dev/sdc1 /floppy

RHCT RHCE Exam: practice prepration questions

2006-04-07T16:36:00.000-07:00

RHCT RHCE Exam: practice prepration questions :

Question: Where do you look for changing boot loader sequence ?

Answer: on RHEL4 ( redhat enterprise Linux 4 ) /boot/grub/grub.conf

RHCT RHCE Exam: practice prepration questions

2006-04-06T16:10:00.000-07:00

RHCT RHCE Exam: practice prepration questions

Question:What file do you edit to set the default runlevel?

Answer: /etc/inittab

RHCT RHCE Exam: practice questions

2006-04-06T16:08:00.000-07:00

RHCE RHCT Practice questions of the Day !

Question:How you can check status of network interface ?

Answer : # ifconfig eth0

Number of open files per process in RHEL4 redhat Linux

2006-04-04T18:10:00.000-07:00

In RHEL4 (redhat hat enterprise Linux 4 AS ) running kernel 2.6 the number of open files per process is still limited to 1024. you can do ulimit -a to see number of open files per user :

[root@firefox] /# ulimit -a

core file size (blocks) 1000000
data seg size (kbytes) unlimited
file size (blocks) unlimited
max memory size (kbytes) unlimited
stack size (kbytes) 8192
cpu time (seconds) unlimited
max user processes unlimited (1)
pipe size (512 bytes) 8
open files 1024
virtual memory (kbytes) 2105343

To Increases the system limit on open files for instance a process on change the number of open files for Oracle , IB DB2 databases in redhat enterprise Linux (RHEL4) :

#ulimit -n 90000

To make changes permanent add soft and hard limits in /etc/security/limits.conf file :

* soft nofile 90000
* hard nofile 90000

RHCE RHCT Exam: RHCE Certification Training

2006-04-01T15:49:00.000-08:00

Red Hat RHCE certification training is experiencing a great demand within the IT industry.
In recent years, the RHCE certification has become a global standard for many successful IT companies,increasing the importance of having a RHCE Red Hat certification.If you are interested in passing the RHCE certification exam and the RHCE certification testing requirements to start earning that high paying RHCE certification salary you always wanted. Then you have to read redhatcert.blogspot.com where i am putting tips,quetions training books,site that will ensure you pass your Red Hat RHCE exams on your first try.
As i was able to pass my RHCT exam .you can use other free RHCE materials and free RHCE study guide resources,but only Redhatcert Blog delivers you the most accurate, current and updated tips for RHCE certification.

Looking to become an RHCE Red Hat certified professional? Would you like to reduce or minimize your RHCE certification cost? Do you want to pass all of the RHCE certification tests? If you answered YES, then look no further. Keep reading this Blog and i have added seach on my Blog .I am trying to add best resource for RHCE certification training solutions that cover all core topics and RHCE certification requirements found in the RHCE certification test.

RHCT RHCE Exam: questions

2006-03-30T16:21:00.000-08:00

For RHCT and RHCE exam questions, you should know about networking as it is required for these exams under Networking configuration :

network card/device is recognised as eth0 in redhat linux and other flavours of linux
ifconfig eth0 will display ip address for network interface
you should expect questions in RHCE/RHCT exam to bring up and down network interface:

ifup eth0
ifdown eth0

For RHCT/RHCE exam question you should know network configuration files:

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 is network configuration file

DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.30.29
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.30.1

For RHCT/RHCE exam you should know how to change static ip to dhcp
Simply change BOOTPROTO to dhcp from none

you can also run system-config-network to change these settings by GUI but for RHCT and RHCE exam you should know how to change network setting using command line that will save time as time is critical in RHCT and RHCE exams.

RHCT RHCE Exam :Redhat Linux Exam Certification Tip 1

2006-03-26T15:40:00.000-08:00

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification Exam :Tip 1

Since RHCT and RHCE exam are Performance based exam, you don't need any book or Exam Cram. I realized this when i passed my RHCT exam without reading a book. All you need is PC running Linux. If you don't have PC at work or at home ..Buy one PC , belive me this will help you for RHCT and RHCE Linux certification Exam.Best tip for RHCE/RHCT exam is to have hands on experience... a pc running linux at home

If you already have PC then for installing Linux you have to partition your har drive and this is critical step , if you are not an PC expert you might loose your data while partitioning your single har drive and might loose important data. But here is good news using VMware you can install Redhat Linux on your windows operating system. Search this blog on your left you will find where and how you can get Vmware.

RHCE RHCT Exam: How to enable root telnet for redhat enterprise Linux RHEL4

2006-03-23T16:07:00.000-08:00

How to enable root telnet for redhat enterprise Linux RHEL4:

To enable direct telnet for root account on redhat linux enterprise servers ( i have done wthis on RHEL3 and RHEL4 without any issues ) over the network :

under /etc/ directory edit /etc/securetty file and add pts entries :

pts/0
pts/1
pts/2
pts/3
pts/4
pts/5
pts/6
pts/7
pts/8
pts/9
pts/10

or Just remove /etc/securetty file alltogether , i prefer moving /etc/securetty it.

mv /etc/securetty /etc/securetty.sav

Bingo root telnet is enabled now ... on redhat enterprise Linux 4 .That's all you need to do to enable telnet access for root account on Linux servers. Root access is activated right away you don't need to restart any services on redhat linux .

Warning : telnet is not secure and you should be using SSH only for logins on RHEL4.Keep reading redhatcert blog to find out how to enable SSH logins on redhat enterprise Linux 4.

RHCE RHCT Linux EXAM CRAM

2006-03-23T03:18:00.000-08:00

RHCE and RHCT Linux Exam Cram :

Although there are several books available online and in stores for RHCE and RHCT Exam Cram.But Buying Linux Exam Cram doen't make any sense. There are books out there :

Don't Buy any more Linux "Exam Cram" because Linux is performance based exam.I don't understand there are so many Linux Exam Cram book out there and many websites claiming Exam Cram online to pass RHCT and RHCE exam. Truth is there are no multiple choice questions in RHCE and RHCT exam . so..... don't get fooled and please don't purchase any Linux exam cram for RHCT and RHCE.. If you really want to purchase any RHCE/RHCT exam book
buy RHCE exam study Guide RH302

But again no linux exam cram ....don't buy any linux exam cram and don't get fooled.

RHCE RHCT EXAM: configure kernel parameters in redhat enterprise Linux

2006-03-21T17:57:00.000-08:00

configure kernel parameters in redhat enterprise Linux :

How to turn off ping response in redhat Linux :

#cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all
0

Zero means ping is enable and Linux machine will respond to ping requests.

# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all

This kernel change is not permanent , to make it permanent add to /etc/sysctl.conf :

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all=1

RHCE RHCT Exam questions : enable telnet services on Linux

2006-03-21T17:53:00.000-08:00

How to enable telnet services on Redhat enterprise Linux :

# chkconfig telnet --list
#chkconfig telnet on
#chkconfig --level 35 telnet on

where 3 and 5 are run levels , so telnet will run when Linux is running in runlevel 3 and 5 only.

RHCE RHCT Exam questions : How to change Linux default run level

2006-03-21T17:42:00.000-08:00

You shoud know how to change Redhat Linux system default run level for RHCE and RHCT exam preparation and questions :

1. edit /etc/inittab file and changerun level from level 5 (which is X or GUI mode ) to run level 3

# vi /etc/inittab
id:3:initdefault:

2. simply reboot the server and your default run level changes to level 3 which is text based linux session.

3.How to dynamically change the runlevel of Linux system without rebooting

e.g: switch to single user mode :

# telinit S

e.g: switch to X or GUI (desktop) mode

#telinit 5

e.g:If you have made changes to the /etc/inittab file to change the default runlevel and want to change the system to that new default you can do so by using the telinit with the q command-line option:

# telinit q

RHCE RHCT EXAM: Pass exam

2006-03-21T16:13:00.000-08:00

About Passing RHCT and RHCE exam , both exams are Pass or non-Pass. Redhat Send results for pass or did not pass within 3 Business days.

How do you receive your RHCT/RHCE Certificate:

If you pass your RHCT and RHCE exams , you will receive certificate in form of PDF emailed to you.Redhat doesn't mail RHCT and RHCE certificate bia regular mail.

RHCE RHCT EXAM: How to reboot Redhat linux

2006-03-19T18:02:00.000-08:00

How to reboot or Shutdown Redhat linux :

REBOOT REDHAT LINUX :

#shutdown -r now

OR

# reboot

OR init 6

OR CTRL+ALT+DEL

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification Exam : GRUB Boot loader

2006-03-19T17:56:00.000-08:00

Configuring the GRUB Boot Loader for RHCE/RHCT :

To configure the boot loader or edit anything for GRUB configuration file is:

/boot/grub/grub.conf

In case MBR is corrupted try

/sbin/grub-install /dev/hda

where hda is first installed PCI hard drive on your RHEL 4 server.

#NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that
# all kernel paths are relative to /boot/
default=0
timeout=30
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title Red Hat Linux (2.4.18-0.12)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.4.18-0.12 ro root=/dev/hda3
initrd /initrd-2.4.18-0.12.img

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification Exam Guide :LINUX BIOS

2006-03-19T17:50:00.000-08:00

LINUX BIOS :

When a microprocessor powers up, it starts executing instructions located in a ROM chip. These initial instructions are responsible for initializing the hardware (especially enabling RAM) and loading an operating system. The implementations and interfaces to this functionality vary from machine to machine, but its basic responsibility remains the same.

Here is an excelllent Resource on LINUX BIOS initialization ....

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification Exam: RHEL Boot sequence

2006-03-19T17:31:00.000-08:00

Redhat Enterprise Linux 4 Boot Sequence :

For RHCE and RHCT exam you should know RHEL4 boot sequence as follows:

Bios Initialization
Loading Boot Loader phase
Kernel initialization
init startup which is first process to run in Linux during startup
Launching X or GUI if enabled

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification:RHCE Voted #1 Unix/Linux Certification

2006-03-17T18:24:00.000-08:00

In December 2005 RHCE is vite #1 in Linux/UNIX Certification according to certcities.com. Red Hat's hands-on, flagship RHCE title is once again your pick for the best Linux certification, easily taking the top spot thanks to its stellar reputation, earned thanks to its eight-hour, hands-on lab exam and marketability in the industry.

RHCE Red Hat Certification Guide for Linux Exam RH302

2006-03-14T18:13:00.000-08:00

RHCE Red Hat Certified Engineer Linux (Exam RH302) Analysis :
This book is best for RHCE Linux certification exam. This linux certification exam book covers classroom-based integrated study system for professional certification gives you complete coverage of all objectives for the Red Hat Certified Linux Engineer exam, hundreds of review questions, and hands-on lab exercises. The CD-ROM features two complete pencil and paper RHCE practice exams (available to Linux users), an electronic book, and a bonus Red Hat installation screen review.

If you are looking for good book to help you prepare for Red Hat Certification Engineer (RHCE) exam , you should look no further.Since RHCE exam is now hands-on the CD covers two complete sample exams based on what is publicly known about the RHCE exam experience.If you're really serious about getting most famous Linux certification exam (RHCE), read this book. I am working on Linux since 2001 but didn't appear for any Linux Certification exam. Finally when i heard RHCE - is very popular linux certification exam i brought this Linux certification book to prepare for RHCE exam.

RHCE RHCT Linux Certification: Top rated Linux certifications

2006-03-14T16:11:00.000-08:00

RHCT and RHCE Linux certifications are top rated Linux certifications in Market.A recent Independent Survey ranked RHCE highest quality training and certification in IT.
RHCT and RHCE certifications are Current for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 .RHCE is best fit for :

Experienced Linux and UNIX systems administrators and engineers.
UNIX administrators who have other UNIX certtifications but want to be Linux administrator as well with current growing demand for Linux in market.
UNIX and/or Linux power-users who may want focused training and certification on Red Hat Enterprise Linux

RH300 is best suited Training consists of 4 days of intensive training, emphasizing hands-on lab workshops with realistic configuration and administration tasks using Red Hat Linux, plus the Certification Lab Exam on day 5th day.

What it means to have RHCE and RHCT Certification ?

RHCE or RHCT certification serve as a metric of use to both individuals and employers to assess individual preparation and competency for key job roles involving Red Hat Linux computing

RHCE certification indicates that the person has passed a performance-based lab exam that tests his/her ability to: install and configure Red Hat Linux; understand limitations of hardware; configure basic networking and file systems for a network; configure the X Window System; perform essential Red Hat Linux system administration; configure basic security for a network server; set up and manage common enterprise networking (IP) services for the organization, carry out server diagnostics and troubleshooting.

RHCT certification indicates that the person has passed a realistic performance-based lab exam that tests his/her ability to: install and configure Red Hat Linux; understand limitations of hardware; configure basic networking and file systems for a single system attached to a network; configure the X Window System; perform essential Red Hat Linux system administration; configure basic host security, set up client-side networking services required to attach to a production network, and carry out basic diagnostics and troubleshooting.

RHCE and RHCT linux certification exams are lab-based, performance-based practical exams.

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification Exam:what you need to know for RHCT Certification

2006-03-08T17:56:00.000-08:00

If you are already working on linux or even you are new you should know some of the required
skills for RHCT certification exam:

RHCTs should be able to perfoorm following Trouble shooting and system maintenance work :

boot systems into different run levels for troubleshooting and system maintenance
diagnose and correct misconfigured networking
diagnose and correct hostname resolution problems
configure the X Window System and a desktop environment
add new partitions, filesystems, and swap to existing systems
use standard command-line tools to analyze problems and configure system

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification EXAM GUIDE :RHCT exam course

2006-03-08T16:17:00.000-08:00

Redhat offers Instructor based courses forRHCT and RHCE exams. If you are a working Professional chances are your Employer will send you for Training. If you have some working experience on redhat linux you should take course RH133 .RH133 is 4 and hald day class and included RHCT exam at the end of last day. Not to get confused here RHCT exam is also called RH202 RHCT Certification lab exam. If you are windows professional or new in IT you should go
with RH033 - Redhat Linux essentials course.

Again RHCT exam is performance based exam , all you need is hands on experience on Linux.

Requirement for RHCT exam is :RH033, RH133, or equivalent experience attaching new Red Hat systems to a corporate network. RHCT exam is best exam in Linux world and available at a proce tag of $2,298 from Redhat.

RHCE RHCT EXAM: Red Hat Linux Certification Exam Simulator

2006-03-05T12:01:00.001-08:00

Few websites are offering Red Hat Linux Certification Exam simultaor. I have't used any Redhat Linux Certification simulator mydelsf, but if you like and want to score 100% you can try one of these .

Ensure your success in RHCE (Red Hat Linux Certification) with Whizlabs simulator, the most effective training software for the Linux certification. Developed by highly experienced and certified professionals, it offers 5 mock exams (250 questions) on the latest pattern in a simulated environment. Last but not the least; it comes with FREE technical support and "Unconditional 100% Money Back Guarantee". Check out the FREE demo version.

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification EXAM GUIDE Simulator

2006-03-05T12:01:00.000-08:00

Few websites are offering Red Hat Linux Certification Exam simultaor. I have't used any Redhat Linux Certification simulator mydelsf, but if you like and want to score 100% you can try one of these .

Whizlabs RHCE (Red Hat Linux Certification) Exam Simulator

Ensure your success in RHCE (Red Hat Linux Certification) with Whizlabs simulator, the most effective training software for the Linux certification. Developed by highly experienced and certified professionals, it offers 5 mock exams (250 questions) on the latest pattern in a simulated environment. Last but not the least; it comes with FREE technical support and "Unconditional 100% Money Back Guarantee". Check out the FREE demo version.

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE : RAID 5 in Redhat Linux

2006-03-05T11:48:00.000-08:00

RAID 5 requires 3 disks or disk partitions of same size. Like RAID 0 this RAID level also allows you to create filesystem larger then any one disk partititions. For eample if you have 3 - 72 Gb hard disks you can have one filesystem as big as "140 " Gb disk size third disk will be used for parity saving. If you loose one disk you will be able to recover your data without any issue unlike mirroring.

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification EXAM GUIDE :RAID 1 in Linux

2006-03-05T11:42:00.000-08:00

RAID level 1 also called "mirroring" and requires two RAID partitions.If any disk in the RAID fails, the RAOD device continues to function without loosing any data.

This is very useful fault tolerant , it's costly interms of disk requirements...

Performcance for read and writes are good.

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE: Software RAID 0 on Linux

2006-03-05T11:38:00.000-08:00

RAID 0 in Linux requires atleast 2 RAID partitions. RAID 0 in Linux offers high performanxe for read and writes.In Linux RAID 0 t doesn't offer any redundancy if one device fails it destroys your whole disk device.

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE: Can i use RAID on linux ?

2006-03-05T11:34:00.000-08:00

Linux supports Both Hardware and Software RAID. RAID is an acronym for "redundant array of inexpensive disks". During linux installation you will have option to use

RAID 0 : called striping which offers no redundancy
RAID 1: called Mirroring
RAID 5 : Striping with distibuted parity

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE : How much Swap needed for Linux

2006-03-05T11:28:00.000-08:00

"swap" is also known as "virtual memory" in windows world. If you don't have enough physical memroy in your pc to run your operating system you can use "swap" to run your operating system in our case we will say Linux.

recommended swap space is usually twice as of real memory (2X)

Fast Internet surfing

2006-03-02T17:54:00.000-08:00

Recently i brought D-Link DI-624 Wireless router that supports 802.11g to upgrade my home wireless network.I got so frustrated using my 10 Mbps wireless router , i was getting disconnected and getting very weak signal in between... Many time i have to reboot my PC . I am running windows XP on my PC..... Finally when i was filing my taxes online last week .... my internet connection dropped 10
Buy on sale after MIR for $45.29
times....

I went to Best buy and Purchased D-Link wireless router for a faster 108Mbps network which cost me around $75 .... and a wireless USB adapter for my PC which costs me $70...

But let me tell you once i installed it and start surfing internet it was 100 times faster than speed that i used to work on ... Finally I jumped to amazon and find out it's selling same stuff was on sale for 22% less...

RHCT RHCE EXAM:How to enable telnet on Redhat Enterprise Linux server ?

2006-02-27T17:37:00.000-08:00

How to enable telnet on Redhat Enterprise Linux server ?

By default redhat enterprise linux comes with SSH (secure shell) enabled with telnet disabled.telnet is not secure anymore but people still prefers telnet due to it's simple nature.

1. Please make sure to check if you have telnet server installed on your server:

[root@pluto~]#rpm -qa grep telnet

telnet-0.17-31.EL4.3

telnet-server-0.17-31.EL4.3

2.If you do not have the telnet-server or telnet packages installed, you can install from the RPMs available from your installation media or you can use the up2date utility along ith your RHN subscription to download and install the packages :

[root@pluto~]# up2date telnet-server telnet

3.To install telnet server use :

[root@pluto~]# rpm -ivh telnet-server-0.17-31.EL4.3.rpm

4. After installing telnet make sure to activate telnet services in /etc/xinetd.d/telnet file and Change disable yes to no :

# default: on

# description: The telnet server serves telnet sessions; it uses \

# unencrypted username/password pairs for authentication.

service telnet

{

flags = REUSE

socket_type = stream

wait = no

user = root

server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd

log_on_failure += USERID

disable = no

}

Now we have to enable Telnet server using the chkconfig command so when server reboots everytime we don't have to start the service manually .You must be root in order to use these commands.

[root@pluto~]#chkconfig --list telnet

telnet off

[root@pluto~]#chkconfig --level 123456 telnet on

[root@pluto~]# chkconfig --list telnet

telnet on

6.Finally we need to turn on the service using xinted

[root@pluto~]# service xinetd restart

Starting xinetd: [ OK ]

Here you go telnet is now enabled:

[root@pluto ~]# telnet localhost

Trying 127.0.0.1...

Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).

Escape character is '^]'.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 2)

Kernel 2.6.9-22.0.1.EL.rootsmp on an i686

login: hello

Password:

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE : Free linux

2006-02-17T17:24:00.000-08:00

For RHCT and RHCE exam which is performance based exam reading book is not going to help you no matter if you cram each text of the page. You need to have hands on experience on Linux.
For that you would need to install Linux... and yes Linux is free as water... so here you go ...

If you don't want to buy redhat linux or SUSE linux , you can download Fedora which is totally Free... It's an opensource project started by Redhat itself.

Enjoy !! Free Linux

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE : Passing RHCT with Good Score

2006-02-16T16:20:00.000-08:00

How to score High in RHCT certification exam

Redhat certification exams are performance base exam . You don't need bookish knowledge to pass certification exam unlike other UNIX or Windows certification exams. You needs hands on experience . For hands on experience on Linux you certainly requires a pc or laptop running Linux at home. But i must say this book really help me in passing RHCT certification exam and scoring High.

Real-World Exercises--Step-by-step instruction modeled after the hands-on RHCT exam questions

Inside the Exam sections highlight key exam topics covered and how to answer questions correctly
Lab questions match the format, tone, topics, and difficulty of the real exam
Money-saving tips explain how you can study for the exam without buying Red Hat Enterprise Linux

It Covers all RHCT exam topics, including:

Installation
Configuration
Basic Administration
Filesystem Management
Kernel, Cron, and User Administration
X Window System
Linux Network Clients
Operational Administration Recovery and Security

The best fully integrated study system available. True to the format of the RHCT exam! CD-ROM includes:

Two complete RHCT exams featuring the same types of hands-on problems that you’ll see on the live exam

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification :Vmware to install Linux on VM

2006-02-13T18:31:00.000-08:00

To create new Virtual machine for installing linux using VMware workstation:

Click Ctrl+N or select create new Virtual machine from File menu

Select Typical in Vmware Wizard

Under new machine virtual wizard select LINUX as guest operating system and version as redhat enterprise Linux 4 or 1,2,3.

For Fedora select other as an option in VMWARE wizard:
You can choose location for to save configuration for virtual location , i used my documents:

Select "use bridged networking" in VMWARE wizard to provide guest os direct access to an external network:

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification EXAM GUIDE: Installing virtual machine on Vmware

2006-02-12T09:14:00.000-08:00

I am running vmware workstation on my PC, i like VMware most comparing to Microsoft virtual pc. At work i am using vmware and i am familiar with vmware capabilities. But it's your personal preference if you want to use Virtual pc or vmware.I have been using VMware for 2 years now and never find any trouble using it.Although it's expemsive piece of software but again it allows you to install different os on single pc with ease. Only thing you would need is lot of RAM and big sized hard disks. on my laptop i am running Windows XP and Redhat enterprise Linux 4 with 1 GB of RAM. On my DesktopPC i am having 2 GB of RAM and performance is unbeatable.

BUY VMWARE WORKSTATION 4.X for Windows NT/2000/XP by VMware (CD-ROM) — Windows 2000 / NT / XP

VMware is more expensive then Microsoft Virtual PC, again it depends if you want to spend less you can go with microsoft virtual pc .

RHCT RHCE EXAM GUIDE : install linux without partitioning

2006-02-10T20:10:00.000-08:00

If you wan't to avoid paritioning your hard disk to avoid risk of loosing your hard disk partitions and don't want to loose your existing data I suggest you to use vmware or Microsoft Virtual PC.
Microsoft Virtaul PC runs Linux without any problem.

List Price: $129.99 Special sale Price: $114.99 with Free Shipping

RHCE Exam requirement

2006-02-10T20:05:00.000-08:00

For RHCE exams given on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 and higher, the exam is organized as follows:

Troubleshooting and System Maintenance — 2.5 hours
Installation and Configuration — 3.0 hours

In order to earn RHCE, one must successfully complete all the RHCT-level Troubleshooting and System Maintenance requirements, and successfully complete enough additional RHCE items to earn a score of 80 or higher overall on the section.

In addition, one must score 70 or higher on the RHCT items of Installation and Configuration, and 70 or higher on the RHCE components of that section. We describe the skills associated with RHCT and RHCE below.

For RHCE exams given on Red Hat Linux 9, the following structure applies:

Troubleshooting — 2.5 hours
Multiple Choice — 1.0 hour
Installation and Configuration — 2.5 hours

In order to earn RHCE on these exams, one must successfully complete all the RHCT-level Troubleshooting requirements, score a minimum of 50 on the multiple choice, score 70 or higher on both the RHCE and RHCT components, and earn an overall score of 80 or better for the exam as a whole.

RHCT Linux Certification Exam requirement

2006-02-10T20:04:00.000-08:00

The RHCT exam is a subset of the RHCE exam, and is organized as follows:

Troubleshooting and System Maintenance — 1 hour
Installation and Configuration — 2 hours

In order to earn RHCT, one must successfully complete all the requirements in Troubleshooting and System Maintenance, and must achieve a score of 70 or higher on Installation and Configuration.

Preparation for the RHCT and RHCE Exams

2006-02-10T20:02:00.000-08:00

Red Hat encourages all candidates for RHCT and RHCE to consider taking one or more of its official training courses to help prepare for the RHCE or RHCT exam. Attendance in these classes is not required, and one can choose to take just an exam. Many successful candidates who have come to class already possessing substantial skills and knowledge have reported that the class made a positive difference for them.

To help you determine the best courses to take, Red Hat provides online skills assessment.

While attending Red Hat's classes can be an important part of one's preparation to take the RHCE or RHCT exam, attending class does not guarantee success on the exam. Previous experience, practice, and native aptitude are also important determinants of success.

Many books and other resources on system administration for Red Hat's OS products are available. Red Hat does not officially endorse any as preparation guides for the RHCT or RHCE exams. Nevertheless, you may find additional reading deepens understanding and can prove helpful.

RHCE Linux Certification Exam Guide : preparation

2006-02-09T17:16:00.000-08:00

RHCE Red Hat Certified Engineer Study / preparation Guide:

I recommend using this book in combination with the Exam Cram book to study for my RHCE exam. It's a great book and it includes a CDROM with practice questions.I really like the book itself. It's very detailed and good for beginners. At the end of each chapter there is a "two minute drill" which summarizes the chapter, and a self test which helps you see how well you understand the material. The self-test at the end of each chapter has around 20 questions! This is much better than other books that only have 10 questions at the end of each chapter. The practice tests on the cdrom are not usable under Linux. If they aren't going to make their software compatible with
Linux, they could at least grant us the ability to do that in their licensing agreement.Anyway, this book is really long (over 700 pages).You should buy The newer edition at
this point.

Andy

RHCE RHCT Linux Exam: Red Hat Desktop

2006-02-08T18:21:00.000-08:00

Let's take a look at Redhat Linux desktop that comes with redhat enterprise linux 4 or RHEL4.

Red Hat Desktop is the newest member of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux family. It provides a high-quality, full-featured client system that is suitable for use in a wide range of desktop deployments.
While primarily focused on enterprise and commercial markets, the features and stability of Red Hat Desktop also make it attractive for use in small and medium business environments. It is available in configurations that include Red Hat Network Proxy or Satellite Server, ensuring the complete deployment delivers the highest levels of manageability and security. Red Hat Desktop supports single CPU systems with up to 4GB of main memory.
Red Hat Desktop is available in packages of either 10 or 50 units for mass deployments of consistently configured clients. It is fully compatible with other members of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux product family and provides complementary technology and services.

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification Exam Guide : Redhat Enterprise Linux 4

2006-02-08T18:13:00.000-08:00

Redhat Enterprise Linux in short is called as "RHEL". Currently RHEL4 is latest version of Redhat enterprise Linux. Lets take a look on desktop Linux .We will take a look on redhat enterprise linux installation process, administration and tools that comes with it.

RHCT RHCE Linux Certification Exam Preparation - Linux ...

2006-02-08T16:56:00.000-08:00

Friends,

RHCE is a higher level of certification as compared to Red Hat Certified Technician, and is also among the top 3 fastest growing certifications, as predicted by CertMag.com.If you’re looking for yet another sign that Linux is becoming a real player, then you’ve to get RHCT/RHCE. While Linux certifications have regularly made our Hot Cert list over the past few years - in fact, the RCHE has appeared on this list since we started it for 2002 -- this is the first time one has ever taken the top spot. Quite a feat, especially when you consider that the vast majority of CertCities.com’s readers are Windows professionals.That make sense to get RHCT and RHCE certification looking at growing demand for Redhat Linux on enterprise level.

So how did this Linux title break through to No. 1? Having a stellar reputation never hurts, and Red Hat is well known for the quality of its RHCE / RHCT lab exam, which tests candidates’ hands-on skills with Red Hat Enterprise. “It’s a truly challenging certification,” commented Dulaney. “It carries a lot more respect than others in the market.”

But the title wouldn’t go anywhere unless its skills were seen as marketable. And according to Morris, high-level Linux skills may be more marketable than some might think. “These days…it seems that demand for a great Linux person outstrips the demand for general Microsoft administration skills,” commented Morris. “Not that Microsoft is going anyplace, but serious Linux networking is more . While [this is] not my personal area of interest, I highly recommend that others look at RHCT and RHCE as their certification goal.

Redhat certification (RHCE/RHCT) is rated number 1 Certification according to certcities.com.

Andy